Eesti keele konstruktikoni poole: ülesehituse peajooned

Abstract

https://doi.org/10.5128/ERYa21.12

Artikkel käsitleb eesti keele konstruktikoni kontseptsiooni – grammatika esitamist sõnastikulaadselt – ja esitleb esimest visiooni sellise ressursi ülesehitusest. Artikkel on sisuliseks jätkuks varasematele (Vainik jt 2024a,Vainik jt 2024b), milles kirjeldati konstruktsioonipõhist keelekäsitust ning rahvusvahelist konstruktikonide loomise kogemust ja väljakutseid. Siinses artiklis defineerime kõigepealt eesti konstruktikoni kontseptsiooni ja visiooni mõistmiseks vajalikud põhimõisted ning põhjendame ettevõtmist nii rakenduslikust kui ka teoreetilisest vaatepunktist. Käsitelu põhiosas esitame konstruktikoni makro- ja mikrostruktuuri kirjeldused ning juhtumianalüüsina pakume välja visandid kahe hulgafraasi konstruktikograafilisest kirjeldusest.

***

"Towards the Estonian Constructicon"

This article outlines the main approach for presenting grammatical information on Estonian in a dictionary-like resource known as a constructicon. We justified the need for such a resource from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Theoretically, the need for a constructicon arises from construction-based linguistic theory, which treats vocabulary and grammar as a continuum, making it reasonable to describe them in a unified format. This approach would allow for the systematic description and compilation of constructions that cannot be precisely captured in traditional grammar. From a practical standpoint, the constructicon would help standardize and enhance existing grammatical descriptions, offering a unified, web-based language resource that is easily accessible to learners, researchers, and language technology developers. It would improve access to linguistic information, as grammatical knowledge is often fragmented and available only in book form. The constructicon would have applications in language learning, helping users grasp word and phrase meanings more comprehensively. Additionally, it would support language technology needs, including natural language analysis, machine translation, and dialogue system development. We thus defined the primary target audience for the constructicon as L2 learners and teachers of Estonian, though we are designing the resource to also serve language experts and language technology applications. The diversity of the target audience influences the macro- and microstructure of the proposed resource. The plan is to cover a wide range of construction types and provide descriptions in multiple metalevels: general, linguistically precise, and machine-readable. We presented sketches for describing complex quantifier phrases as constructicon entries that pose challenges for language learners.